Leopard

Duchess of Aquitaine, Queen Consort of France (1137-1152), and Queen Consort of England (1154-1189).

Gules, a lion passant, guardant Or.

Escudo de gules, un leopardo de oro.

Existing arms interpreted by me as follows: the escutcheon's shape is pointed; the field has been enamelled in flat Gules; the leopard in Or is outlined in Sable; and the whole composition has a rough texture finish.

I have blazoned it as a leopard, which is the term used for a lion when passant, [Avilés, J.; 1725a; pages 290 and 295] and [Avilés, J.; 1780a; pages 325 and 330] «a lion, whose natural position is rampant;... unlike the leopard, which is... always passant» and «leopards have... their heads facing forward, showing both eyes,... lions are... in profile, revealing only one eye... Their posture is never rampant, like the lion’s, but always passant;... if leopards are ever depicted rampant, they are blazoned as ‘leopard-lions’,... and likewise, lions that are passant are blazoned as ‘lion-leopards’.».

For this interpretation of Eleanor’s coat of arms, I have followed [Edward IV of England; 1461; shield 18], where a leopard Or appears, but neither armed nor langued in Azure, representing the Duchy of Aquitaine.

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Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, One, Leopard and Or.

Style keywords: Pointed, Plain tincture, Outlined in sable and Rough.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Coat of arms, Duchy of Aquitaine, Kingdom of France and Kingdom of England.

Bearer: Leonor de Aquitania.

Princess of England and Queen Consort of Castile from 1170 to 1214.

Gules, three lions, passant, guardant, in pale Or, armed and langued Azure. Crest: An open royal crown Or.

Escudo de gules, tres leopardos en palo de oro, armados y lampasados de azur. Timbrado de una corona real abierta.

Armorial bearings of the queen interpreted by me as follows: the shape of the shield is pointed and rounded; both the field, the three leopards, and the open royal crown have been enamelled with flat tints of gules and metal or, with details in azure, vert, and metal argent; the three leopards and the crown are outlined in sable; and the whole composition has a watercolor finish.

She was the daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, wife of Alfonso VIII of Castile, and mother of 10 children documented in historical records, with her eldest daughter being Queen Berenguela of Castile.

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Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, Or, Azure, Three, Leopard, Armed, Langued, In pale, Crest, Open royal crown and Crown.

Style keywords: Ogee, Plain tincture, Outlined in sable and Watercolor.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Coat of arms, House of Plantagenet, Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Castile.

Bearer: Leonor Plantagenet.

Quarterly: 1 and 4 Gules, three lions passant, guardant, in pale Or, armed and langued Azure; 2 Or, a lion rampant Gules, armed and langued Azure, within a double tressure flory counterflory Gules; 3 Azure, a harp Or, stringed Argent.

Escudo cuartelado: 1^o y 4^o de gules, tres leopardos en palo de oro, lampasados y armados de azur; 2^o de oro, un león de gules, armado y lampasado de azur, encerrado en un trechor doble flordelisado y contraflordelisado de gules; 3^o de azur, un arpa de oro cordada de plata.

Arms depicted by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with an ogee external shape and with a leather finish.

These are arms of the British Monarchy emblazoned by me.

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Blazon keywords: Gules, Or, Azure, One, Three, Quarterly, Leopard, Pale, Armed, Langued, Lion, Rampant, Double tressure, Flory, Counterflory, Harp and Stringed.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Ogee and Leather.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: British Monarchy.

Gules, three lions passant, guardant, in pale Or, armed and langued Azure.

Escudo de gules, tres leopardos en palo de oro, armados y lampasados de azur.

Coat of arms interpreted by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with an ogee external shape and with a leather finishing.

These are arms of the Kingdom of England emblazoned by me.

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Blazon keywords: Gules, Or, Azure, Three, Leopard, Pale, Armed and Langued.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Ogee and Leather.

Classification: Civic, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: England, Kingdom of.

Banner quarterly of sixteen: 1, 6, 11, and 16 Azure, three fleurs de lis Or; 2, 5, 12, and 15 Gules, three lions, passant, guardant, in pale Or, armed and langued Azure; 3, 8, 9, and 14 Gules, a castle triple towered Or, port and windows Azure, masoned Sable; 4, 7, 10, and 13 Argent, a lion rampant Purpure, armed and langued Gules, crowned Or; an inescutcheon Azure, three crowns in bend, bendwise Or.

Pendón cuartelado de dieciseis: 1^o, 6^o, 11^o y 16^o de azur, tres flores de lis de oro; 2^o, 5^o, 12^o y 15^o de gules, tres leopardos en palo de oro, armados y lampasados de azur; 3^o, 8^o, 9^o y 14^o de gules, un castillo de oro, aclarado de azur, mazonado de sable; 4^o, 7^o, 10^o y 13^o de plata, un león rampante de púrpura, armado y lampasado de gules, coronado de oro; un escuson de azur, tres coronas en banda, puestas en banda de oro.

Banner interpreted as follows: with the 5x6 proportions of a shield; the field, including that of the escutcheon, is enamelled with flat tinctures Gules and Azure; the crowns, castles, fleurs-de-lis, and leopards are outlined in Sable; except the lions, which are outlined in their field; and the whole composition is watercoloured.

In the armorial [Edward IV of England; 1461; row 27, 1^st column, final banner], these arms appear twice:

• At the beginning, in the equestrian portrait of Edward IV, on the caparison of his horse.
• In the final banner held by Edward IV’s personal badge, a «White Lion of March».

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Blazon keywords: Quarterly, Azure, Or, Three, Fleur de lis, Ordered, Gules, Leopard, Armed, Langued, In pale, Sable, One, Castle, Port and windows, Masoned, Argent, Purpure, Lion, Rampant, Crowned, Inescutcheon, Crown, In bend and Bendwise.

Style keywords: Rectangular, Illuminated, Outlined in sable, Outlined in the field tincture and Watercolor.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Flag, Banner of arms, Kingdom of England and House of York.

Bearer: Edward IV of England.

King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1199 to 1216.

Gules, three lions, passant, guardant, in pale Or, armed and langued Azure.

Escudo de gules, tres leopardos en palo de oro, armados y lampasados de azur.

Arms of King John interpreted with: a rounded (semicircular) base; the field enamelled with a flat tint of Gules; the leopards illuminated in Or and Azure, outlined in Sable, all three of the same size; and the whole finished with a crystalline effect.

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Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, Or, Azure, Three, Leopard, Armed, Langued and In pale.

Style keywords: Rounded, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Crystalline.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Coat of arms, House of Plantagenet and Kingdom of England.

Bearer: John I of England.

King of England, Lord of Ireland and Duke of Aquitaine from the year 1216 to the year 1272

Gules, three lions, passant, guardant, in pale Or, armed and langued Azure.

Escudo de gules, tres leopardos en palo de oro, armados y lampasados de azur.

Coat of arms interpreted as follows: the mouth of the shield is semicircular (round); its field has been enamelled in a flat tint of Gules; its leopards are illuminated in Or and Azure and outlined in Sable; and the whole has a finish of aged parchment.

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Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, Or, Azure, Three, Leopard, Armed, Langued and In pale.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Old parchment.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Coat of arms, House of Plantagenet and Kingdom of England.

Bearer: Henry III of England.

The one with the Cross on his back ~ Crouchback (1245–1296)

Arms of England; overall, a label Azure of three points, each charged with three fleurs-de-lis Or in pale.

Arms interpreted as follows: the mouth of the shield is semicircular (round); the field enamelled in a flat tint of Gules; the label and figures illuminated in Or and Azure and outlined in Sable; and the whole finished with a watercolour effect.

He was the second son of King Henry III of England, and took part in the Ninth Crusade, hence the epithet «Cross on the back».

In 1253 he was appointed Earl of Chester, holding dominion, among others, over the county of Cheshire, but the following year Pope Innocent IV granted him the crown of Sicily, so he ceded his earldom to his elder brother Edward I of England, however, he never came to occupy the throne of Sicily.

The label is an honourable ordinary and also «a kind of mark of cadency, and the most noble of all those used to differentiate the Arms of the younger sons of a House» [Avilés, J.; 1725a; page 248] and it can likewise be used by the eldest son while his father's arms are still in use, ceasing to bear the label when he inherits his father’s coat. When both the eldest and the second son bear a label, the latter’s label then has more points or is charged with figures to distinguish it.

The label is constructed with «a fillet, which is one-ninth of the width of the chief, with three pendants in the form of carpentry wedges or ill-shaped triangles, joined to it without any line of separation, falling twice as far as the fillet is wide, two placed at the ends and one in the middle, its usual position being in the centre of the chief’s length, without reaching the edges of the shield» [Avilés, J.; 1725a; page 248].

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Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, Or, Azure, Three, Leopard, Armed, Langued, In pale, Surmounted, Overall (deprecated), Label, Suspended, Charged and Fleur de lis.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Watercolor.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Coat of arms, House of Plantagenet and Kingdom of England.

Bearer: Edmund Plantagenet.

Apodado el Zanquilargo ~ Longshanks.

Gules, three lions, passant, guardant, in pale Or, armed and langued Azure.

Escudo de gules, tres leopardos en palo de oro, armados y lampasados de azur.

Escudo de armas que he interpretado con: la boca de medio punto; el campo esmaltado de tinta plana de color gules; los 3 leopardos iluminados de metal oro, color azur y delineados de sable y el que está en punta es algo menor para adaptarse a la forma del escudo; y el conjunto tiene un acabado rugoso.

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Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, Or, Azure, Three, Leopard, Armed, Langued and In pale.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Rough.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Coat of arms, House of Plantagenet and Kingdom of England.

Bearer: Edward I of England.

First Prince of Wales from 1301 to 1307, King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1307 to 1327.

Gules, three lions, passant, guardant, in pale Or, armed and langued Azure.

Escudo de gules, tres leopardos en palo de oro, armados y lampasados de azur.

Coat of arms interpreted as follows: the mouth rounded; the field illuminated Gules; the figures illuminated in Or and Azure, outlined in Sable, and the third leopard slightly smaller; and the whole finished with a plastered effect.

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Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, Or, Azure, Three, Leopard, Armed, Langued and In pale.

Style keywords: Rounded, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Gesso.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Coat of arms, House of Plantagenet and Kingdom of England.

Bearer: Edward II of England.

Iridescent finishing.

This is an example of my approach to writing structured and parallel blazons in English and Castilian. I use the heraldic term «leopard», instead «lion guardant», because I seek the maximum parallelism between English and Castilian, and in Castilian we also use the heraldic term «leopard».

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Blazon keywords: Vert, One, Pall, Raguly, Or, Three, Head, Leopard, Crest and mantling, Wreath, Above, Crown, Between, Two, Wing, Sable and Motto.

Style keywords: Illuminated, Iridescent (nacar), Pointed and Outlined in sable.

Classification: Structured and parallel blazons, Coat of arms, Interpreted and Personal.

Bearer: Stowe, Richard Allen.

Gules, three Leopards faces Or, the whole within a Border Or with two Bars Gules. Crest: A crest coronet proper. Mantle: Gules doubled Erminois.

Escudo de gules, tres cabezas de leopardo de oro; una bordura de oro con dos burelas de gules. Timbrado de una corona de príncipe abierta y manto de gules y forro armiñado de oro y sable.

Watercolor finishing

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Blazon keywords: Gules, Three, Head, Leopard, Or, Ordered, Bordure, Two, Bar, Crest and mantling, Crown of Prince, Crown, Open, Mantle, Erminois and Sable.

Style keywords: Watercolor, Pointed, Illuminated and Outlined in sable.

Classification: Coat of arms, Interpreted and Personal.

Bearer: Juchter van Bergen Quast, Rudolph Andries Ulrich.

Azure, on three bars wavy Argent, a Norman ship Or, full sail Argent; on a chief Gules, two leopards Or, armed and langued Azure; a bordure Argent charged with eight acorns bendwise Azure. Crest: Upon a helm with a wreath Or and Azure, a cross of Lorraine patty Or. Mantling: Azure doubled Or.

Coat of arms designed by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with an ogee outer contour and with a freehand finishing.

Coat of arms of Dr. Jacques William Normand Delfin. He is from Mexico and his family comes from Falaise in Normandy. This coat of arms has been created by him and me, and emblazoned by me. The expression «a toda vela» is less frequently used in Castilian heraldry, since a ship is by default assumed to have its sails spread unless otherwise stated; whereas its equivalent «full sail» is more commonly used in English heraldry.

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Blazon keywords: Azure, Argent, Or, Gules, One, Two, Eight, In base, On, Wavy, Bar, Norman ship, Full sail, Chief, Leopard, Armed, Langued, Bordure, Acorn, Bendwise, Upon (wreath), Helm, Wreath, Cross of Lorraine, Cross couped, Patty, Mantling and Doubled.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Ogee and Freehand.

Classification: Personal, Created, Boa, Coat of arms and Flag.

Bearer: Normand Delfin, Jacques William.

Heraldic device designed by me, illuminated with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, and with a leather finish.

This is the heraldic standard of Laurent Liu-Lecomble, designed by him and me, and emblazoned by me. Structure: coat of arms; from his badge, the two arms bendwise proper, grasping a sword bend sinisterwise; motto «Semper renascitur»; a leopard Or, armed and langued Azure; warcry «Mon dû»; from his badge, the two arms bendwise grasping a sword bend sinisterwise.

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Blazon keywords: Azure, Argent, Gules, Or, One, Two, Three, Quarterly, Dexter, Hand, Appaumée, Sword, Point upwards, Between, Cross patty, Cross couped, Sinister, Eight-pointed cross, Plough share, Affronty, Disordered, Eagle claw, Inescutcheon, Charged, Fleur de lis, Arm, Bendwise, Proper, Grasping, Bend sinisterwise, Motto, Leopard, Passant, Armed, Langued and War cry.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Leather.

Classification: Personal, Created, Boa, Standard and Flag.

Bearer: Liu-Lecomble, Laurent.

Azure, two lions passant, guardant, winged, each holding in its paws an open book Argent, with the inscription «Pax Tibi Marce Evangelista Meus» Sable distributed on their four pages.

Escudo de azur, dos leopardos alados, teniendo cada uno en sus garras un libro abierto todo de plata, con la inscripción «Pax Tibi Marce Evangelista Meus» de sable distribuida en sus cuatro páginas.

Arms designed by me, illuminated with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with an ogee outer contour and with a freehand finish.

Coat of arms of Deacon Mark Eschenlauer designed by him, Fr. Yannick Beuvelet and me, and emblazoned by me.

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Blazon keywords: Azure, Argent, Sable, Two, One, Four, Leopard, Winged, Grasping, Paw, Closed book, Book, Inscribed, Page and Motto.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Ogee and Freehand.

Classification: Religious, Created, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Eschenlauer, Marc.

Adrian Ailes, «The Origins of the Royal Arms of England: Their Development to 1199», foreword by Rodney Dennys, includes 27 black and white illustrations, Graduate Centre for Medieval Studies, Reading University, 126 pages, ISBN 07-049077-6-3, Reading, Berkshire, 1982.

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An article reviewing this book is: Brigitte Bedos Rezak, Archives nationales de Paris and Metropolitan Museum of Art, «The Origins of the Royal Arms of England, their Development to 1199 by Adrian Ailes», Speculum, volume 60, number 2, pages 373-376, Medieval Academy of America, Cambridge, Massachusetts, April of 1985.

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Bibliographical reference of century XX.

Author: Ailes, Adrian.

Bibliographical reference mentioned in the following article:

• Henry II of England

External link:

• Google Books.

Edward IV King of England and Lord of Ireland, «The Armorial of Edward IV», «The Edward IV Roll», armorial in the form of a roll about 6 meters long, created to celebrate the coronation of Edward IV as the first King of England from the House of York and illustrated, probably, by different artists, 1461.

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The image illustrating this reference corresponds to the banner, which is number 27 in the 2^nd column, the final one of this armorial. This banner is held by a white deer, which was a personal badge of King Richard II of England, and also, two white deer were the supporters of his shield. The reason for the inclusion of this white deer might be to contribute to the legitimization of Edward IV as king.

It is notable that in row 25 of the 2^nd column of this armorial there is a banner with the arms of the shield of Castilla y León, probably because Edward IV, like his predecessors, claimed their throne. In this version of the shield of Castilla y León:

• The two gold castles, in the 1^st and 4^th quarters of gules, have three towers with the central one taller like the Castilian, but the twin side towers seem to be connected by the wall as in the English castle, [Valero de Bernabé, L.; 2009a; page 2] and [Valero de Bernabé, L.; 2009b; page 33], the wall has a door that is enameled in azure as in the Castilian.
• The two lions, in the 2^nd and 3^rd quarters of silver, seem to be gold, therefore, of «metal on metal» and, furthermore, very different from the purple lion of Castilla y León, it could well be an error by the artist or a degradation of an original purple enamel to ochre, as explained in the pendón de Castilla y León.

This shield of Castilla y León also appears:

• On the banner in row 27 of the 1^st column of this armorial. In this banner, they are combined with the arms of England represented in this article, in a new quartered, under an escutcheon with the imaginary arms of «Brutus of Troy», the also imaginary founder and king of Britain.
• On the caparison of the horse that Edward IV rides in the portrait at the beginning of his armorial. This caparison is a reproduction of the previous banner in row 27 of the 1^st column that combined the arms of England with those of Castilla y León. The presence of these arms in this initial portrait of the armorial of Edward IV denotes the importance he gave to his aspirations to the crown of Castilla y León.

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Bibliographical reference of century XV.

Author: Edward IV of England.

Bibliographic reference mentioned in the following articles:

• Banner of Castile and León
• Charles V of France
• Edward IV of England
• Edward IV, armorial for His coronation
• Edward IV, quartered con Castile and León
• Heraldica Nova
• Leonor de Aquitania
• Pendón con inescutcheon de Edward IV

External resources:

• Free Library: Edward.
• Free Library: Banners.
• The Edward IV Roll.
• Brutus of Troy.

Cecil Humphery-Smith, FHS - Fellow of The Heraldry Society, «Why three Leopards?», Coat of Arms, COA, An Heraldic Quarterly Magazine, issue 126, The Heraldry Society, Baldock, Hertfordshire, summer of 1983.

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The coat of arms illustrating this bibliographic reference is that of the Kingdom of England, which was also that of the queen of Castile Leonor Plantagenet.

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Bibliographical reference of century XX.

The author is Humphery-Smith, Cecil.

Here are the articles quoting this reference:

• Geoffrey Plantagenet
• John I of England
• Leonor Plantagenet
• Richard I of England

External resource:

• The Heraldry Society.

Internal resources: HumpherySmithC1983.3Leopards.docx.

Arnold Rabbow, «The Origin of the Royal Arms of England - a European Connection», Coat of Arms, COA, An Heraldic Quarterly Magazine, número 186, The Heraldry Society, Baldock, Hertfordshire, verano de 1999.

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This bibliographical reference is illustrated wit the coat of arms of the Kingdom of England interpreted by me with the with a semi-circle shape.

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Bibliographical reference of century XX.

Author: Rabbow, Arnold.

The following article cites this bibliographic reference:

• Henry II of England

External link:

• The Heraldry Society.

Internal resources: RabbowA1999.OriginRoyalArmsEnglandEuropeanConnection.docx.

The Heraldry Society, «Education Pack, A brief explanation of Heraldry for teachers together with explanatory sheets and templates for students», Baldock, Hertfordshire, 2013.

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This bibliographical reference is illustrated with the quartered coat of arms of The Heraldry Society.

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Bibliographical reference of century XXI.

Author: The Heraldry Society.

Here are the articles quoting this reference:

• Balaguer, municipality of
• Chequey, chequy or checky
• Drawing the arcs of a pointed coat of arms
• Geoffrey Plantagenet
• Savoy, Duchy of

External resource:

• The Heraldry Society.

Internal resources: TheHeraldrySociety2013.EducationPack.pdf.

Quarterly Azure and Gules; overall a leopard face, crowned Or, langued Gules, within a tressure flory Or.

TheHeraldrySociety.com was founded by John P. Brooke-Little, MA, FHS in 1947.

Its objetives are to increase and extend interest in and knowledge of heraldry, armory, chivalry, genealogy and allied subjects.

I am member of The Heraldry Society since 2014. As member, my coat of arms appears in their web site in the following address TheHeraldrySociety.com/membersarms/antoniosalmeron.htm.

Plain tincture and lights and shadows

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Categories: Institution, Interpreted, Socioeconomic, Pointed, Illuminated, Outlined in sable, Freehand, Coat of arms, Quarterly, Azure, Gules, Overall, Head, Leopard, Crowned, Or, Langued, Within, Tressure and Flory.