Dr. Antonio Salmeron SHA

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I am a member as a heraldic artist of the Society of Heraldic Arts having passed their artistic selection tests.

Probably, I have had the honor of being the first Spanish artist accepted within it and, perhaps, the first of all in the Spanish-speaking world.

Within the Society of Heraldic Arts, there are two different classes of members:

• those who are professionals in the various expressive forms of heraldic art, such as:
  • heraldic painting and drawing and, as a heraldic artist, I am a member within this category,
  • calligraphy,
  • ex libris engraved or delineated,
  • illustration and illumination of documents,
  • heraldic craftsmen of stone, wood, glass, or plaster.
  • heraldic jewelry and seal making, etc.
• and those who:
  • aspire to become professionals in heraldic art, or
  • are passionate about heraldry without necessarily practicing heraldic art.

Juan José Martinena Ruiz, «Book of Armory of the Kingdom of Navarra: Introduction, Study, and Notes», published by the Institución Príncipe de Viana, 350 pages, ISBN 84-235-0557-X, Pamplona, 1982.

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Introduction, study, and notes on the armorial [Bosque, J. del; 1540]. On pages 122 and 123, the coats of arms of the «ricoshombres» of Navarra, or «twelve barons of the major houses» as they are also called, surrounding the king's coat of arms in this armorial are compiled and transcribed.

The coat of arms accompanying this bibliographic reference is that of Almorrabides de Navarra following Juan del Bosque.

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Bibliographical reference of century XX.

The author is Martinena Ruiz, Juan José.

Bibliographic reference mentioned in the following articles:

• Bosque, J. del; 1540
• Martinena Ruiz, J. J.; Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, F.; 2001

External resources:

• Record in Sancho el Sabio.
• Pages 122 and 123.

Javier Martínez de Aguirre Aldaz, «Faustino Menéndez Pidal de Navascués: Researcher of Navarrese Heraldry», Revista Príncipe de Viana, ISSN 0032-8472, year number 68, issue number 241, dedicated to the tribute to Faustino Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, pages 343-358, Government of Navarra, Institución Príncipe de Viana, Pamplona, 2007.

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This article highlights the analysis of the importance of the publication of [Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, F.; 1963] to understand what is possibly the true origin of the shield of Navarra, surpassing the legends about the chains (the most widespread being the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa and the less widespread of Archangel Michael and the devil turned dragon), and basing its origin on the evolution of the shield's block to the radiated block, as elements of defensive reinforcement, giving rise to the carbuncle as a heraldic element.

It also describes well how, over time, this theory of the radiated block and the carbuncle, permeated Navarrese society, in parallel with political changes, and the historical and heraldic academic opinion.

Javier Martínez de Aguirre Aldaz had already published together with Faustino Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, 7 years earlier about the shield of Navarra, [Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, F.; Martínez de Aguirre, J.; 2000].

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Bibliographical reference of century XXI.

Author: Martínez de Aguirre Aldaz, Javier.

The following articles cite this bibliographic reference:

• Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, F.; 1963
• Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, F.; 1974
• Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, F.; Martínez de Aguirre, J.; 2000

External link:

• Navarra, PDF format.

Internal resources: MartínezAguirreJ2007.MenendezPidalNavarra.pdf.

Faustino Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, «A Leónese Heraldic Embroidery: the Carbuncle in Medieval Coats of Arms», published in the journal Armas e Troféus, 2^nd series, Volume IV, pages 5-19, Braga, 1963.

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Article reissued and included, 36 years later, in his book [Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, F.; 1999; pages 47-66].

Also published later in the Revista Príncipe de Viana, ISSN 0032-8472, year number 68, issue number 241, dedicated to the tribute to Faustino Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, pages 403-412, Government of Navarra, Institución Príncipe de Viana, Pamplona, 2007.

[Martínez de Aguirre, J.; 2007; page 344 and following] provides a good analysis of the importance of this work both for Navarrese heraldry and specifically for its coat of arms, as well as for heraldry in general.

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Bibliographical reference of century XX.

The author is Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, Faustino.

The following articles cite this bibliographic reference:

• Martínez de Aguirre, J.; 2007
• Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, F.; 1999

External link:

• University of La Rioja.

Internal resources: MenendezPidalDeNavascuesF1963.BordadoHeraldicoLeonesCarbuncloEscudosMedievales.pdf.

Faustino Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, «Book of Armory of the Kingdom of Navarra: Transcription and Study», published by La Gran Enciclopedia Vasca, 160 pages, ISBN 84-248-0119-9, Bilbao, 1974.

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Transcription and study of the Navarrese manuscript armorial [Bosque, J. del; 1540], preserved in the General Archive of Navarra.

This book contains an introduction, the transcription of the armorial texts, its photographic reproduction, which also includes the Navarrese coats of arms of the Reyneck armorial and the coat of arms of the refectory of the Cathedral of Santa María la Real de Pamplona, an index of names, a heraldic table, and a set of appendices [Martínez de Aguirre, J.; 2007; page 351].

The coat of arms accompanying this bibliographic reference is that of Qasqante de Navarra following, precisely, the armorial of Juan del Bosque.

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Bibliographical reference of century XX.

The author is Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, Faustino.

Here are the articles quoting this reference:

• Bosque, J. del; 1540
• Martinena Ruiz, J. J.; Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, F.; 2001

External links:

• Record in the National Library of Spain.
• Sancho el Sabio.

Faustino Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, «Rare and Ambiguous Charges of Spanish Heraldry», Revista Hidalguía, issue 190 and 191, Ediciones Hidalguía, Madrid, 1985.

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The coat of arms with squares accompanying this bibliographic reference is that of Guebara de Navarra, an interpretation based on that by [Bosque, J. del; 1540]. I chose this coat of arms because Faustino Menéndez Pidal writes precisely about it and about the squares as a figure typical of Spanish heraldry, for example, he does so on pages 474 and 475 of this article.

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Bibliographical reference of century XX.

Author: Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, Faustino.

External resource:

• University of La Rioja.

Internal resources: MenendezPidalDeNavascuesF1985.MueblesRarosHeraldicaEspañola.pdf.

Faustino Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, «Lions and Castles: Heraldic Emblems in Spain», published by the Real Academia de la Historia, ISBN 9788489512399, 306 pages, Madrid, 1999.

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This book also includes his article [Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, F.; 1963] which, based on the observation of a «Leonese embroidery» concludes about the carbuncle and the coat of arms of Navarra.

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Bibliographical reference of century XX.

The author is Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, Faustino.

Bibliographical reference mentioned in the following article:

• Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, F.; 1963

Sigue por: Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, F.; Martínez de Aguirre, J.; 2000.