John Burke, «A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland: Enjoying Territorial Possessions or High Official Rank; but Uninvested with Heritable Honours», 4 volumes, volume 1 with 726 printed pages, volume 2 with 740 printed pages, volume 3 with 738 printed pages, volume 4 with 805 printed pages, published for Henry Colburn by R. Bentley, Bell and Bradfute, in Edinburgh, and J. Gumming in Dublin, London, 1836.
This extensive work spans four volumes, 726 + 740 + 738 + 805 = 2309 pages, and provides a detailed account of the genealogy and heraldry of commoners in Great Britain and Ireland who held territorial possessions or high official ranks, yet were not vested with heritable honors.
Each volume contains black and white illustrations of coats of arms, typically including the crest and wreath, with some also featuring supporters. The illustrations do not utilize hatching or tricking for tinctures, the tinctures must be seen in the text of the written blazons. For each lineage, the coat of arms is illustrated at the beginning, followed by a genealogical account, and the blazon is provided at the end. For example, for the Talbot lineage, in the volume 3, page 359-360, the blazon is written as follows: «Arms - Gu. a lion rampant, within a bordure engr. or. Crest - On a chapeau gu. turned up ermine, a lion statant or, the tail extended. Motto - Prest d'accomplir.» where «gu» is Gules and «or» is Or.
Bibliographical reference of century XIX.
Classification: Armorial roll, English language and In black and white.
The author is Burke, John.
Bibliographical reference mentioned in the following article:
External links:
Internal resources: BurkeJ1836.Commoners.Volume.01.pdf 758 pages in PDF format, BurkeJ1836.Commoners.Volume.02.pdf 772 pages in PDF format, BurkeJ1836.Commoners.Volume.03.pdf 762 pages in PDF format and BurkeJ1836.Commoners.Volume.04.pdf 838 pages in PDF format.
P. Louis Lainé, J. J. L. Lainé, «Archives généalogiques et historiques de la noblesse de France, ou, Recueil de preuves, mémoires et notices généralogiques, servant à constater l'origine, la filiation, les alliances et lés illustrations religieuses, civiles et militaires de diverses maisons et familles nobles du royaume; Avec la collection des nobiliaires généraux des provinces de France», 11 volumes from 1828 to 1850, published by M. Lainé, printed by De Hauquelin et Dautriche, París, 1844.
Bibliographical reference of century XIX.
Classification: French language and In black and white.
The 2 authors are Lainé, P. Louis and Lainé, J. J. L..
External links:
Anonymous, «Genealogy of the Mǎ Family, 馬民家记», manuscript, from the late Ming to early Qing dynasty, 6 volumes, volume 1, 102 pages, volume 2, 304 pages, volume 3, 242 pages, volume 4, 202 pages, volume 5, 100 pages, and volume 6, 178 pages, total 1128 pages, dated between 1600 and 1735, circa 1735.
These comments has been writen based on my limited knowledge of Classical Chinese. As such, it may contain inaccuracies or errors. I apologize for any errors and welcome corrections from those more knowledgeable in the subject. It is important to note that, although the manuscript is written in Classical Chinese, some characters in theses comments are in Simplified Chinese.
The title might suggest it is just the family tree of the Mǎ family, but it is actually a chronicle of the history of a lineage over four generations. Therefore, although it is dated between 1600 and 1735, it is likely written closer to 1735.
The manuscript narrates the deeds and actions of four generations of the Mǎ family from the city of Liáoyáng in northeastern China:
It seems to be a story of ascent and descent:
This manuscript contains official titles, title grants, imperial praises for their actions, historical events, and also the poetic and literary works of the four generations.
The correspondence between these 6 volumes and the 9 scaned PDF files is as follows:
The Chinese books are read: from back to front, from right to left, and from top to bottom.
The scanning process was done so that what would be the last pages of the book for us, and the first for the Chinese, are at the beginning of the PDF. The pages are scanned in pairs to be readable by Westerners: starting from page 2-1, read from right to left, with 1 blank, and continuing 4-3, 6-5, 8-9... until the end of the PDF file.
The Chinese script used in this manuscript is clear and legible compared to other documents from that era.
6 volumes:
Bibliographical reference of century XVI.
Classification: Manuscript, Classical Chinese language and In black and white.
Author: anonymous.
External resources:
Internal resources: MaFamiliaXVIII.01a.tapas.pdf Volume 1 PDF format, MaFamiliaXVIII.02a.tapas.pdf Volume 2, initial part, PDF format, MaFamiliaXVIII.02b.pdf Volume 2, final part, PDF format, MaFamiliaXVIII.03a.tapas.pdf Volume 3, initial part, PDF format, MaFamiliaXVIII.03b.pdf Volume 3, final part, PDF format, MaFamiliaXVIII.04a.tapas.pdf Volume 4, initial part, PDF format, MaFamiliaXVIII.04b.pdf Volume 4, final part, PDF format, MaFamiliaXVIII.05a.tapas.pdf Volume 5 PDF format and MaFamiliaXVIII.06a.tapas.pdf Volume 6 PDF format.
Bibliographical reference of century XVI.
Classification: Manuscript, Classical Chinese language and In black and white.
Author: anonymous.
External resources:
Internal resources: MaFamiliaXVIII.01a.tapas.pdf Volume 1 PDF format, MaFamiliaXVIII.02a.tapas.pdf Volume 2, initial part, PDF format, MaFamiliaXVIII.02b.pdf Volume 2, final part, PDF format, MaFamiliaXVIII.03a.tapas.pdf Volume 3, initial part, PDF format, MaFamiliaXVIII.03b.pdf Volume 3, final part, PDF format, MaFamiliaXVIII.04a.tapas.pdf Volume 4, initial part, PDF format, MaFamiliaXVIII.04b.pdf Volume 4, final part, PDF format, MaFamiliaXVIII.05a.tapas.pdf Volume 5 PDF format and MaFamiliaXVIII.06a.tapas.pdf Volume 6 PDF format.
Juan Mogrovejo de la Cerda, «Árbol de los Veras compuesto por Alonso López de Haro, Criado de Su Majestad y Ministro de su Real Consejo de las Órdenes y Cronista de los Reinos de Castilla y León», bound in original parchment, Milan, 1636.
The book contains a total of 66 main genealogical trees, each with an average of 28 nodes/persons, totaling over 1700 nodes. Additionally, it includes 41 lines of descent with approximately 1150 individuals. The content is composed of:
In the previous image, The canting arms of Juan Antonio de Vera y Zúñiga, Count of La Roca, in this book about his genealogy, are canting because «vair~veros~Vera».
The motto in the beak of his sable eagle is «Veritas Vincit», although some authors claim that not all his trees honor this motto [Vera-Ortiz, J.A.; 2009].
The colored version of the coat of arms in this image was painted by me. Blazon: Vair ancient, a bordure gules charged with eight saltires couped Or.
Bibliographical reference of century XVII.
Classification: De bibliotheca, In black and white and Castilian language.
Author: Mogrovejo de la Cerda, Juan.
Here are the articles quoting this reference:
External link:
Internal resources: Physical book..
We have 2 parents, 4 grandparents, 8 great grandparents, 16 great grandparents,... growing exponentially (2n), 32, 64, 128, ... Circa the year 850 we have more «theoretical» ancestors than inhabitants of the world. It follows that:
I have painted the following graphic to show this idea. Traveling to the past we see the number of our «theoretical» ancestors grows and the world's population decreases.
The graph is calculated with 2.46 generations per century, and with other rates although the graph changes but the previous conclusions remain. For example, with 4 generations per century, more real rate time ago when we had children at an earlier age, the curves intersect before. If it is done by continents and/or adding the lines without offspring, the high infant mortality and pests of past times,... the curves also cross before.
To this effect is called «pedigree collapse».
Category: Genealogy.
María Luisa Tosta, «Los Tosta en Venezuela y en el mundo», researchers María Luisa Tosta y Milhone Tosta, 618 pages, includes numerous illustrations, with several on each page, graphic design and layout by María Elena Ayala, printed at Gráficas Lauki, ISBN 978-980-18-2181-6, Legal Deposit MI2021000502, Caracas, 2021.
Through the first five chapters, the authors explore the etymology of the Tosta surname, its historical presence in different parts of the world, and its establishment in Venezuela in the 18th century.
In the intermediate chapters, the book delves into the various branches of the Tosta family, tracing their connections and the genealogical links that span multiple generations.
The final chapters focus on the individual stories of the most prominent members of the Venezuelan branch of the family, revealing intriguing aspects such as their significant contributions to the country's history and other unique characteristics.
With an approach that goes beyond genealogy, the author and the researchers contextualize the lives of the Tosta family within the social, political, and economic frameworks of their times, offering a complete and enriching portrait of this fascinating family.
I am honored to be mentioned in the acknowledgments. It is a privilege to have made my small contribution to this a meaningful work.
Bibliographical reference of century XXI.
Classification: Castilian language and In color.
The author is Tosta, María Luisa.
Internal resources: Galley proofs, private copy, sent by one of the researchers.
Jorge A. Vera-Ortiz, «Linaje emeritense de don Juan Antonio de Vera y Zúñiga, un pícaro conde genealogista y una creencia muy arraigada», Bulletin No. 257 of the Argentine Institute of Genealogical Sciences, pages 27 to 50, Buenos Aires, November-December 2009.
This article examines the lineage of Don Juan Antonio de Vera y Zúñiga, a count whose life and genealogical work are marked by both wit and controversy. The author, Jorge A. Vera-Ortiz, analyzes how deeply rooted beliefs about the lineage of this figure have influenced the historical perception of his legacy. In this way, from 1617 to 1635, the accumulation of studies that appeared exalting the lineage of the Count of La Roca is astonishing. These works were sometimes published under the names of well-known authors and genealogists, and sometimes under less familiar names, but many authors assume that these works were part of the fertile imagination of Juan Antonio de Vera y Zúñiga himself, who published them under pseudonyms to give them greater authority. The book [Mogrovejo de la Cerda, J.; 1636] would be an example of this practice.
Bibliographical reference of century XXI.
Classification: Article and Castilian language.
Author: Vera-Ortiz, Jorge A..
Bibliographical reference mentioned in the following article:
External resource:
Internal resources: A digital and partial transcription of this article..
Eagle, Bald eagle, Eagle claw, Dorsal fin, Tail fin, Two hands clasped, Lark, Tree, Trunk, Rainbow, Atom, Barbel, Acorn, Arm, Owl, Horse, Head, Thistle, Kapok tree, Stag, Doe, Crescent, Increscent, Tail, Ermine spot, Heart, Roe deer, Neck, Roe deers' attires, Raven, Dolphin, Diamond, Tooth, Elephant, Emerald, Starling, Mullet, Mullet of four points, Star of David, Estoile, Male figure, Fleur de lis, Hop cone, Puffin, Ash, Claw, Talons, Goose, Heron, Seagull, Pomegranate, Sunflower, Falcon, Leaf, Boar, Goldfinch, Laurel, Barn owl, Lion, Lioness, Lion passant, Leopard, Lion rampant guardant, Lynx, Lily, Flame, Wolf, She-wolf, Moon, Hand, Apple, Martlet, Wing, Two wings in vol, Covert, Mount, Trimount, Fly, Wrist, Olive tree, Orbital, Bear, Palm frond, Palm tree, Dove, Poplar leaf, Paw, Forepaw, Peacock, Chest, Pelican, Pelican in her piety, Dog, Brach hound, Fish, Hoof, Beak, Quill, Cinquefoil, Quetzal, Branch, Caboshed, Oak, Holm oak, Rose, Double rose, Serpent, Sun in splendour, Ray of the sun, Stem, Badger, Tyger, Wheat, Wheat spike, Bull, Tulip, Udder, Escallop and Fox.
Halberd, Plough share, Ace of spades, Anchor, Cyclamor, Torch, Arch, Harp, Non-classic artifact, Crozier, Ship, Beret, Grenade, Ecclesiastical cap, Chain, Covered cup, Bell tower, Cannon dismounted, Carbuncle, Castle, Clarion, Nail, Cord, Dagger, Key ward, Turret, With a turret, Sword, Sabre, Scroll, Arrow, Garb, Gauntlet, Axe, Buckle, Spear, Spear's head, Letter, Book, Closed book, Open book, Page, Line, Key, Four crescents joined millsailwise, Hammer, Menorah, Number, Knot, Celtic Trinity knot, Water-bouget, Comb, Parchment, Piano, Millstone, Millrind, Millwheel, Clay pot, Bridge, Hourglass, Chess rooks, Compass rose, Rosette of acanthus leaves, Mullet of six points pierced, Broken, Portcullis, Wheel, Wagon-wheel, Symbol, Sackbut, Drum, Tower, Trident, Trumpet, Double vajra and Anvil.
Angel, Heart enflamed, Sacred Heart of Jesus, Paschal lamb, Dragon, Wyvern, Phoenix, Garuda, Griffin, Sea-griffin, Winged hand, Our Lady of Mercy, Pegasus, Saint George, Mermaid, Trinity, Triton, Golden fleece, Unicorn and Ouroboros.
Armorial roll, Article, Bibliography, Bordure, Charged, Party per fess, De bibliotheca, In black and white, In color, Genealogy, Gules, Castilian language, Classical Chinese language, French language, English language, Manuscript, Eight, Or, Kingdom of France, Century XIX, Century XVI, Century XVII, Century XXI, Saltire, One and Vair ancient.
Dr. Antonio Salmerón y Cabañas,
,
Paseo de la Castellana 135,
7th floor,
28046 Madrid, Spain.