Kingdom of León

Born on August 15, 1171, in Zamora and died on September 24, 1230, in Sarria, Lugo.

Argent, a lion rampant Purpure, armed and langued Gules.

Escudo de plata, un león rampante de púrpura, armado y lampasado de gules.

Arms of the king of León interpreted by me as follows: the escutcheon is in a semi-circular arch; the field and the lion have been enameled and illuminated; and the ensemble has a watercolor finish.

This coat of arms of León can be seen, among many other places, for example, in [Argote de Molina, G.; 1588; chapter XLII].

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Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Argent, Purpure, Gules, One, Lion, Rampant, Armed and Langued.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Illuminated, Outlined in the field tincture and Watercolor.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Coat of arms and Kingdom of León.

Bearer: Alfonso IX of Leon.

King of León from January 21, 1188, until his death on September 24, 1230.

Argent, a lion rampant Purpure, armed and langued Gules. Crest: An open royal crown Or.

Escudo de plata, un león rampante de púrpura, armado y lampasado de gules. Timbrado de una corona real abierta.

Arms of the King interpreted as follows: the escutcheon is finished in a semi-circular arch; both the field, the lion, and the crown of the crest have been illuminated; and the ensemble has a hammered metal finish.

Purple lion of the Kingdom of León

In the following image, I show a miniature from the Tumbo A of the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, from the 13th century, with the heading reading «Inclitus:Adeffonsus:Rex:Legionensium:et Gallecie:», combined with my interpretation of his coat of arms. The lion of the Kingdom of León can be found depicted in both purple and gules, but images like this confirm that it is purple, and I particularly favor the purple, as it makes it historically unique.

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Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Argent, Purpure, Gules, One, Lion, Rampant, Armed, Langued, Crest, Open royal crown and Crown.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Illuminated and Metal beaten.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Coat of arms and Kingdom of León.

Bearer: Alfonso IX of Leon.

[ Argent, a lion rampant Purpure, armed and langued Gules ] accolé with [ Gules, a castle triple towered Or, port and windows Azure, masoned Sable ].

[ Escudo de plata, un león rampante de púrpura, armado y lampasado de gules ] acolado de un [ escudo de gules, un castillo de oro, aclarado de azur, mazonado de sable ].

Arms of the King of Leon and Queen of Castile, as interpreted by me with: the two shields shaped with rounded arches; the fields of both coat of arms, the lion, and the castle illuminated; and the whole composition featuring a watercolor finish.

Representation of the coats of arms of Alfonso IX of León and Berenguela of Castile as accolé arms ~ «escudos acolados». King Ferdinand III created his coat of arms, based on the coats of arms of his parents, through the marshalling of their arms ~ «composición de sus armas». For this purpose, the saintly king invented a type of composition, which later became widely used, known as quarterly ~ «cuartelado». Other ways to combine the coats of arms of two spouses are:

• Creating a new dimidiated shield ~ «dimidiado».
• Creating a new impaled shield ~ «partido».
• Adding one coat of arms to another as an escutcheon of pretence ~ «escusón de pretensión», in this case, rather than a claim, there was full ownership.

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Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Argent, Purpure, Gules, One, Lion, Rampant, Armed, Langued, Or, Azure, Sable, Castle, Port and windows and Masoned.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Outlined in sable, Tilted shield and Watercolor.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Accolé arms, Kingdom of Castile and Kingdom of León.

Bearer: Berenguela of Castile.

Quarterly: 1 and 4 Gules, a castle triple towered Or, port and windows Azure, masoned Sable; 2 and 3 Argent, a lion rampant Purpure, armed and langued Gules.

Escudo cuartelado: 1^o y 4^o de gules, un castillo de oro, aclarado de azur, mazonado de sable; 2^o y 3^o de plata, un león rampante de púrpura, armado y lampasado de gules.

A symbolic image representing, through 3 coats of arms, the creation of the coat of arms of the King Ferdinand III the Saint from the arms of Alfonso IX, King of León, and Berenguela, Queen of Castile. The shapes of all three shields are rounded; all their components are illuminated; and the whole composition features a watercolor finish.

Ferdinand III the Saint was the son of Alfonso IX of León and Berenguela of Castile. During his reign, the crowns of Castile and León were united forever. When, in 1230, Ferdinand III succeeded his father, he adopted a quarterly coat of arms, placing his mother's arms, the castle, in the 1^st and 4^th quarters, and his father's arms, the lion, in the 2^nd and 3^rd quarters. His goal was likely to achieve balance between the two kingdoms and to give his coat of arms a greater sense of continuity over time compared to impaled arms. The coat of arms of Ferdinand III the Saint was the first quarterly shield in history, and the idea spread into the heraldry of Spain and other kingdoms, such as Aragon-Sicily, Brabant, England, Navarre, and Bohemia.

The mother first, schematic in English

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Blazon keywords: Quarterly, Gules, Or, Azure, Sable, One, Castle, Port and windows, Masoned, Argent, Purpure, Lion, Rampant, Armed, Langued, Crest, Open royal crown and Crown.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Illuminated, Tilted shield and Watercolor.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Accolé arms, Kingdom of Castile, Kingdom of León and Kingdom of Castile and Leon.

Bearer: Ferdinand III of Castile.

Fernando II, King of León, «Carta Puebla de Benavente», Historical Archive of the City Council of Benavente, dated November 1167.

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It is a document in which King Fernando II of León grants privileges to Benavente with the aim of repopulating this town.

The original document is a parchment measuring 60 x 43 centimeters, adorned in the upper right corner, right according to the heraldic criterion, with a Chi Rho from which hang an alpha and an omega. In what could be considered the navel of the charter is a rolled seal of the king formed by a lion, which I consider closer to rampant than passant, surrounded by a circular motto that reads «Signum Fernandi Regis Hispanorum» ~ «Sign of Fernando, King of the Spains». Additionally, this rolled seal is accompanied by the names of members of the chancery and prelates of the Kingdom of León, to confirm the grants recorded in the «Carta Puebla de Benavente».

This charter, also called the «Fuero de Benavente», is a beautiful example of local law and, since its promulgation in 1167, served as a model for other towns. In the following years, similar charters to that of Benavente were adopted in other towns of León, Asturias, and Galicia, with the one in La Coruña being a notable example.

The objective of the provisions of this charter was to favor the repopulation and settlement of new settlers in the town of Benavente, and its successful operation in this aspect led to its application in other places.

The original document is kept in the Municipal Archive of Benavente, forming part of its collection of royal privileges of Benavente. There is also a «facsimile» edition, like the one that illustrates this bibliographic reference, published in 2002 by the Benavente City Council on the occasion of the Commemoration of the VIII Centenary of the Benavente Courts.

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Bibliographical reference of century XII.

Author: Fernando II de León.

External links:

• Benavente remembers Fernando II of León.
• Churches in the parish of Renueva.
• Facsimile of the Carta Puebla de Benavente.
• Carta Puebla in PDF.

Internal resources: FernandoII.24.Facsimil.CartaPueblaBenavente.pdf in armorial, Fernando II of León, key 104..

Fernando II, King of León, «Privilegio de Ampliación del Alfoz de Benavente», Historical Archive of the City Council of Benavente, 1181.

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Bibliographical reference of century XII.

Author: Fernando II de León.

External resource:

• Benavente remembers Fernando II of León.