Alfonso VIII of Castile, royal crown

King of Castile from 1158 to 1214.

Gules, a castle triple towered Or, port and windows Azure, masoned Sable. Crest: An open royal crown Or.

Escudo de gules, un castillo de oro, aclarado de azur, mazonado de sable. Timbrado de una corona real abierta.

Arms of the king, as interpreted by me, as follows: the shield's shape is pointed and rounded; the field is enameled Gules; the castle is outlined in Sable; and the whole composition features a watercolor finish.

In [Valero de Bernabé, L.; 2009a; page 1] the author specifies the main characteristics of the «Castilian royal castle», which can be summarized as: «with three towers, the middle one taller, and the two flanking it identical», «each tower crowned with three battlements», «one to three doors and one or two pointed windows on each tower», and «masoned and battlemented», as also noted by the same author in [Valero de Bernabé, L.; 2009b; page 33].

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Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, Or, Azure, Sable, One, Castle, Port and windows, Masoned, Crest, Open royal crown and Crown.

Style keywords: Pointed and rounded, Plain tincture, Outlined in sable and Watercolor.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Coat of arms and Kingdom of Castile.

Bearer: Alfonso VIII of Castile.

Gonzalo Argote de Molina, «Nobleza de Andalucía», dedicated to King Philip II of Spain, with about 500 coat of arms engraved, printed by Fernando Díaz, Seville, 1588.

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There are other editions, for example, the edition by Francisco López Vizcaíno, 799 pages, Jaen, 1867, or facsimile edition by Riquelme y Vargas Ediciones SL, Jaén, 1991, my copy is the number 1268.

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Bibliographical reference of century XVI.

Classification: De bibliotheca, Castilian language and In black and white.

The author is Argote de Molina, Gonzalo.

Here are the articles quoting this reference:

• Alfonso IX of Leon
• Alfonso VIII of Castile

External resources:

• Virtual Library of Andalusia, 1867.
• Digital Library Madrid's memory, 1588 edition from page 6 missing cover and initial pages.
• National Library of Spain, bibliographic record, there are 2 copies of the edición of 1588.
• National Library of Spain, edition of 1588, cover of the first copy.
• National Library of Spain, edition of 1588, cover of the second copy, this has more resolution than the previous copy.
• Google Books, the second book and not complete.

Internal resources: ArgoteMolinaG1588.22.NoblezaAndalucia.Madrid.pdf is the edition of the year 1588 in PDF digital format, ArgoteMolinaG1588.23.Bne.Baja.resolucion.R10805.pdf is the edition of the year 1588 in PDF digital format and low resolution, ArgoteMolinaG1588.24.Bne.Alta.resolucion.R26842.pdf is the edition of the year 1588 in PDF digital format and hight resolution, ArgoteMolinaG1588.25.NoblezaAndalucia.1867.pdf is the edition of the year 1866 in PDF digital format for Adobe Reader only and a facsimile edition as a physical book on paper.

Baron of Valdeolivos Emblematic Chair, of the Fernando el Catolico Institution, of the Centre of Scientific Research (C. S. I. C.) and of the Government of Zaragoza, «Emblemata», Volume 6^th, Emblemata Aragonese Magazine about Emblems (E. R. A. E.), 419 pages, 124 pictures, ISSN 1137-1056, Legal deposit Z.3.937 1996, printed by the Cooperativa de Artes Gráficas Librería General, Zaragoza, 2000.

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Bibliographical reference of century XX.

Classification: Magazine and Castilian language.

The author is Cátedra de Emblemática Barón de Valdeolivos.

External links:

• Abstract in the Fernando el Catolico Institution.
• Index in the Fernando el Catolico Institution.

Internal resources: Emblemata2000.Volumen06.pdf.

Antonio Salmerón Cabañas, «Chinapieria», trademark registered in the Office for Harmonisation in the Internal Market (OHIM) of the European Union, with presentation number 008189151 and registration date on 7^th of December of 2009.

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The trademark «Chinapieria» refers to a special type of pen drawing, usually done automatically, with the mind in a special state of abstraction, formed by various types of volutes, traces in the form of leaves, stems and very stylized flowers, growths that emulate fractal behaviors, random tours, etc. as they are shown in the image that this article illustrates.

El term «chinapieria» is a creation of my mother, Henar Cabañas Martín.

The first time I searched for this term on the internet, long before registering it, I was surprised that there was not a single occurrence.

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Bibliographical reference of century XXI.

The author is Salmerón Cabañas, Antonio.

Bibliographical reference mentioned in the following article:

• Copyright

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Category: Intellectual property.

Luis Valero de Bernabé y Martín de Eugenio, «Los Castillos en la Heráldica», Magazine of the Real Asociación de Hidalgos de España, «La Gacetilla de Hidalgos de España», number 524, pages 32, 33 and 34. Madrid, October, November and December 2009.

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Bibliographical reference of century XXI.

Author: Valero de Bernabé y Martín de Eugenio, Luis.

Here are the articles quoting this reference:

• Alfonso VIII of Castile, royal crown
• Edward IV of England; 1461
• Valero de Bernabé, L.; 2009a

External resource:

• Hidalgos de España.

Internal resources: ValeroBernabeL2009.520.RevistaCompleta.pdf.

José Antonio Vivar del Riego, Diplomado en Genealogía Heráldica y Nobiliaria, «El Blasón Escrito: La Historia de los Libros de Heráldica», lecture, 31^st of May of 2007.

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Bibliographical reference of century XXI.

Author: Vivar del Riego, José Antonio.

External link:

• National Library of Spain.

Internal resources: VivarDelRiegoJA2007.HistoriaLibrosHeraldica.pdf.

Gules, three lions, passant, guardant, in pale Or, armed and langued Azure.

Escudo de gules, tres leopardos en palo de oro, armados y lampasados de azur.

Existing armorial bearings interpreted as follows: the shape of the shield is pointed and rounded; the field has been enamelled in flat Gules; the three leopards are outlined in Sable and illuminated in metal Or with details in Azure; and the whole composition has a watercolor finish..

In [Humphery-Smith, C.; 1983; paragraph 2] the coat of arms of Eleanor Plantagenet, Queen Consort of Castile, is described, as part of an analysis on the origin of the three leopards in the coat of arms of England. However, in this description, an error is made by replacing the V with an X in the numeral of her husband and king, thus naming Alfonso VIII of Castile as if he were King Alfonso XIII: «Eleanor who married Alfonso XIII, King of Castile and Leon, has depicted on her tomb in the Huelgas monastery of the Cistercian nuns at Burgos, a thirteenth-century shield depicting three crowned leopards (lions passant guardant) gold on red».

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Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, Or, Azure, Three, Leopard, Armed, Langued and In pale.

Style keywords: Pointed and rounded, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Watercolor.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Coat of arms, House of Plantagenet, Kingdom of England and Kingdom of Castile.

Bearer: Leonor Plantagenet.

Sigue por: Leonor Plantagenet, corona real abierta.