Cross couped

Categories: Cross moline and Cross couped.

Categories: Cross of Jerusalem and Cross couped.

Categories: Cross potent and Cross couped.

Lozengy Or and Gules. Behind the shield a cross patty Gules.

Blazon keywords: Lozengy, Or, Gules, Behind the shield, One, Cross patty and Cross couped.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Semi-circular and Freehand.

Classification: Religious, Military, Knights Templar, Interpreted and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Craon, Robert de.

Quarterly: 1 and 4 Argent, a cross patty Gules; 2 and 3 Or, a chief Gules

Escudo cuartelado: 1^o y 4^o de plata, una cruz patada de gules; 2^o y 3^o de de oro, un jefe de gules.

Blazon keywords: Or, Chief, Gules, Quarterly, Argent, One, Cross patty and Cross couped.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Semi-circular, Illuminated and Freehand.

Classification: Religious, Military, Knights Templar, Interpreted and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Tremelay, Bernard de.

Quarterly: 1 and 4 Argent, a cross patty Gules; 2 and 3 Azure, two barbels addorsed Argent

Escudo cuartelado: 1^o y 4^o de plata, una cruz patada de gules; 2^o y 3^o de de azur, dos barbos adosados de plata.

Blazon keywords: Azure, Two, Barbel, Addorsed, Argent, Quarterly, One, Cross patty, Cross couped and Gules.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Semi-circular, Illuminated and Freehand.

Classification: Religious, Military, Knights Templar, Interpreted and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Montbard, André de.

Quarterly: 1 and 4 Argent, a cross patty Gules; 2 and 3 Barry of four per pale counterchanged Or and Gules.

Escudo cuartelado: 1^o y 4^o de plata, una cruz patada de gules; 2^o y 3^o de contrafajado de cuatro piezas de oro y gules.

Blazon keywords: Barry per pale counterchanged, Four, Or, Gules, Quarterly, Argent, One, Cross patty and Cross couped.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Semi-circular, Illuminated and Freehand.

Classification: Religious, Military, Knights Templar, Interpreted and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Blanchefort, Bertrand de.

Argent, a cross Azure. Behind the shield a cross patty Gules.

Blazon keywords: Argent, One, Cross, Azure, Behind the shield, Cross patty, Cross couped and Gules.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Semi-circular and Freehand.

Classification: Religious, Military, Knights Templar, Interpreted and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Hérail, Gilbert.

Or, six annulets Gules, 3, 2, and 1. Behind the shield an eight-pointed cross patty Gules.

The eight-pointed cross patty behind the shield has been diapered with Chinapieria.

Blazon keywords: Or, Six, Annulet, Gules, Ordered, Three, Two, One, Behind the shield, Eight-pointed cross and Cross couped.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Semi-circular, Illuminated, Freehand, Diapered and Chinapieria.

Classification: Religious, Military, Knights Templar, Interpreted and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Richard, Richard.

Quarterly: 1 and 4 Argent, a cross patty Gules; 2 and 3 Vair

Escudo cuartelado: 1^o y 4^o de plata, una cruz patada de gules; 2^o y 3^o de de veros.

Blazon keywords: Vair, Quarterly, Argent, One, Cross patty, Cross couped and Gules.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Semi-circular and Freehand.

Classification: Religious, Military, Knights Templar, Interpreted and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Vichiers, Renaud de.

Azure, a bend Or. Behind the shield an eight-pointed cross patty Gules.

Blazon keywords: Azure, One, Bend, Or, Behind the shield, Eight-pointed cross, Cross couped and Gules.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Semi-circular and Freehand.

Classification: Religious, Military, Knights Templar, Interpreted and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Molay, Jacques de.

Gules, a cross of Burgundy Or; an inescutcheon Or, three bars Gules.

Arms interpreted by me, in plain tinctures, outlined in Sable, with a semi-circular outer contour and with a texturized finish.

Coat of arms of the Tercio Great Captain, 1^st of the Spanish Legion, emblazoned by me. The inescutcheon represents the coat of arms of Gonzalo Fernandez de Cordoba, 1453-1515, known as «The Great Captain». It was Gonzalo Fernandez de Cordoba who reorganized the Spanish infantry, laying the foundations for what would later become the Tercios.

Blazon keywords: Gules, Or, One, Three, Cross of Burgundy, Cross couped, Inescutcheon, Bar and Fess.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Plain tincture and Semi-circular.

Classification: Military, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Tercio Great Captain.

Azure, a cross of Burgundy Or; an inescutcheon Or, six fleurs de lis in orle Azure.

Coat of arms depicted by me, in plain tinctures, outlined in Sable, with a semi-circular external shape and with a texturized finishing.

Coat of arms of the Tercio Alessandro Farnese, 4^th of the Spanish Legion, emblazoned by me. In 1956, the fourth Tercio of the Spanish Legion was created and named Tercio Alessandro Farnese in his honor. The inescutcheon has in orle the 6 fleurs the lis of the Farnese family.

Blazon keywords: Azure, Or, One, Six, Cross of Burgundy, Cross couped, Inescutcheon, Fleur de lis and In orle.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Plain tincture and Semi-circular.

Classification: Military, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Tercio Alessandro Farnese.

A Gules and Or comparison between cross potent, cross moline, and cross of Jerusalem

Blazon keywords: Gules, Or, Cross potent, Cross couped, Cross moline, Cross of Jerusalem and Cross.

Style keywords: Freehand, Outlined in sable and Illuminated.

Classification: Schema.

Argent, a cross patty Gules charged with a double rose Argent and Gules, barbed Vert, seeded Or, between four double roses Gules and Argent, barbed Vert, and seeded Or.

Coats of arms emblazoned by me with a shapes ended with semi-circular arches, illuminated, and with a leather finishing.

Once his roses have been selected (their kind, number, and layout), I redesign the shape of the cross patty to adapt it to his roses, and I redistribute the surfaces of metal Argent and color Gules looking for a more equilibrate artwork. This evolution does not change the blazon.

Blazon keywords: Argent, One, Cross patty, Cross couped, Gules, Charged, Double rose, Barbed, Seeded, Between and Four.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Leather.

Classification: Personal, Created and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Gómez Morillo, Antonio José.

The Commoners' Certification of Arms for Tomasz Arkadiusz Grzeszkowiak, arms designed by Tomasz Steifer and emblazoned by me.

Gules, a base enarched Vert, overall a cross patty fitchy Or, piercing in base the head of a serpent nowed and facing sinister Sable, langued Gules. Crest: Upon a helm affronty, with a wreath Sable and Gules, in a front of three ostrich feathers alternately Sable and Gules a paschal lamb Argent, haloed Or and Gules, supporting a staff Or, flying a banner Argent charged with a cross Gules. Mantling: Gules doubled Sable. Motto: «Amor vincit omnia»

In the blazon of this certification, I wrote the expression «a Base enarched Vert», it is correct. But the expression «a Mount Vert» it is also possible. In the original expression in the Polish blazon is «na zielonym wzgórkuon» ~ «the green hill».

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Gules, One, Mount, Vert, Issuant from base, Overall, Cross patty fitchy, Cross couped, Piercing, Head, Serpent, Nowed, Facing sinister, Sable, Langued, Helm, Affronty, Two, Mantling, Doubled, Wreath, Three, Quill, Alternately, Debruised, Paschal lamb, Argent, Nimbed, Or, Grasping, Shafted, Charged, Cross and Motto.

Classification: Interpreted, Personal, Certification, Heraldic document and Flag.

Bearer: Grzeszkowiak, Tomasz Arkadiusz.

Vert, a chevron, between three cross-crosslets; on a chief Argent, three griffins statant Gules, beaked and armed Or. Crest: Upon a helm, with a wreath Argent and Gules, a griffin's head couped Gules, beaked Or. Mantling: Gules doubled Argent. Motto: «Silentium est aureum».

Blazon keywords: Vert, One, Chevron, Between, Three, Cross-crosslet, Cross couped, Chief, Argent, Griffin, Statant, Gules, Beaked, Armed, Or, Crest and mantling, Helm, Mantling, Wreath, Crest, Head, Party per fess and Motto.

Style keywords: Pointed, Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Freehand.

Classification: Personal, Interpreted, Coat of arms and Latin language.

Bearer: Berry, Austin Charles.

Coat of arms painted by me, highlighted with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with an ogee outer contour and with a texturized finish.

Dr. Chad M. Krouse in his outstanding blog has graciously spotlighted my contributions to the heraldic arts. He beautifully captures the essence of my work and the methodology behind it. I invite you to read the full article at walsinghamwanderings.blogspot.com/2023/09/heraldic-artist-spotlight-dr-antonio.html and also in his blog walsinghamwanderings.blogspot.com you can see my heraldic artwork at the header of walsinghamwanderings.blogspot.com/2023/09/the-man-and-his-arms-origin-story.html. The image shown is a collage composed of elements from his website.

Blazon keywords: Gules, Argent, Azure, Two, One, Party per chevron, Barry, Wavy, In chief, Dogwood flower, Proper, In base, Cross of Saint Chad, Cross couped, Crest, Head, Erased, Grasping, Beak, Mantling and Motto.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Ogee.

Classification: Personal, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Krouse, Chad Michael.

Azure, a chevron Or, between in chief a cross potent cantoned of crosslets, and a lion rampant, and in base a Celtic Trinity knot Argent. Crest: A galero Sable, with two cords, each with one tassel Gules and Sable. Motto: «Primi entis» Sable, with initial letters Gules, over a scroll Argent.

Credits:

• Ernesto Juan Anaya is the designer of the coat of arms.
• Antonio Salmerón y Cabañas is the author of the heraldic art.

Blazon keywords: Azure, One, Chevron, Or, Between, In chief, Cross of Jerusalem, Cross couped, Cross potent, Cantoned, Four, Crosslet, Lion, Rampant, In base, Celtic Trinity knot, Knot, Celtic, Trinity, Crest and mantling, Galero, Cord, Tassel, Scroll, Charged and Motto.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Pointed and Freehand.

Classification: Religious, Interpreted, Coat of arms and Latin language.

Bearer: Lucca de Anaya, Nilda Ernestina.

Argent, a chevron between three crosses flory Sable.

Escudo de plata, un cabrio acompañado de tres cruces flordelisadas todo de sable.

Illuminated with lights and shadows and with a freehand finish.

The coat of arms of Anderson of Erbury emblazoned by me in 4 ways: 1) tricking using abbreviations, 2) hatching using lines, 3) plain tinctures, and 4) lights and shados. It is a preliminary artwork for the arms of Nick Allen Rica II.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Argent, One, Chevron, Between, Three, Cross flory, Cross couped and Sable.

Style keywords: Freehand, Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Pointed, Tricking, Hatching and Plain tincture.

Classification: Interpreted, Kingdom of Scotland and Schema.

Bearer: Anderson of Erbury.

Metal Or over metal Argent.

Argent, a cross potent cantoned of four crosslets potent Or.

Escudo de plata, una cruz potenzada cantonada de cuatro cruces potenzadas todas de oro.

Illuminated with lights and shadows and with a freehand finish.

Perhaps the most classic example of non-compliance with the heraldic rule of tinctures having metal Or over metal Argent. In [Galdiano L.; Century XVII; folio 6], you can see a version of the arms of Jerusalem with the field in Gules, which would indeed follow the rule of tinctures as it is metal on color.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Argent, One, Cross potent, Cross couped, Cantoned, Four and Or.

Style keywords: Freehand, Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Semi-circular and Metal on metal.

Classification: Interpreted and Civic.

Bearer: Kingdom of Jerusalem.

Quarterly: 1 and 4 Gules, a castle triple-towered Or, port and windows Azure, and masoned Sable; 2 and 3 Argent, a cross flory Purpure.

Escudo de cuartelado: 1^o y 4^o de gules, un castillo de oro, aclarado de azur, mazonado de sable; 2^o y 3^o de plata, una cruz flordelisada de púrpura.

Arms depicted by me, illuminated with lights and shadows, contoured in Sable, with an ogee external shape and with a freehand finish.

Coat of arms of the Infante Henry of Castile, 1230–1303, 6^th offspring of the King Ferdinand III of Castile, 1199-1252, and the Queen Beatrice of Swabia, 1205–1235. He bore his father's arms, replacing the lion Purpure of the Kingdom of León with a cross flory Purpure, likely due to his close association with the Order of Calatrava, whose emblem is a cross flory Gules. However, he retained the metal Argent field in the 2^nd and 3^rd quarters and the lion's purple color, suggesting this was more of a conceptual change than a quartering by alliance with the Order of Calatrava.

Blazon keywords: Gules, Or, Azure, Sable, Argent, Purpure, One, Quarterly, Castle, Triple-towered, Port and windows, Masoned, Cross flory and Cross couped.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Ogee and Freehand.

Classification: Personal, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Henry of Castile, Infante.

Gules, a fess between, in chief a Maltese cross between two mullets of eight points Argent, in base three bendlets Or.

Coat of arms emblazoned by me with a pointed shape, illuminated, and with a watercolor finishing.

G0053, Chief Herald of Malta's grant of Giovanni de Bella's arms, whose coat of arms has been emblazoned by me.

Blazon keywords: Gules, One, Fess, Between, In chief, Eight-pointed cross, Cross couped, Two, Mullet, Eight, Argent, In base, Three, Bendlet and Or.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Watercolor and Pointed.

Classification: Personal, Interpreted and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Bella, Giovanni de.

Heraldic device devised by me, illuminated with lights and shadows, contoured in Sable, and with a leather finish.

This is the heraldic standard of Laurent Liu-Lecomble, designed by him and me, and emblazoned by me. Structure: coat of arms; from his badge, the two arms bendwise proper, grasping a sword bend sinisterwise; motto «Semper renascitur»; a leopard Or, armed and langued Azure; warcry «Mon dû»; from his badge, the two arms bendwise grasping a sword bend sinisterwise.

Blazon keywords: Azure, Argent, Gules, Or, One, Two, Three, Quarterly, Dexter, Hand, Appaumée, Sword, Point upwards, Between, Cross patty, Cross couped, Sinister, Eight-pointed cross, Plough share, Affronty, Disordered, Eagle claw, Inescutcheon, Charged, Fleur de lis, Arm, Bendwise, Proper, Grasping, Bend sinisterwise, Motto, Leopard, Passant, Armed, Langued and War cry.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated and Leather.

Classification: Personal, Created, Boa, Standard and Flag.

Bearer: Liu-Lecomble, Laurent.

Argent, an apple tree, the base of its trunk forming a cross crosslet Azure, fructed Gules.

Arms interpreted by me, in flat tinctures, outlined in Sable, with a semi-circular outer contour and with a texturized finishing.

The coat of arms of Heikki Halkosaari, Finland, emblazoned by me.

Blazon keywords: Argent, Azure, Gules, One, Apple tree, Base, Trunk, Cross, Crosslet, Cross couped and Fructed.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Plain tincture and Semi-circular.

Classification: Personal, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Halkosaari, Heikki.

Azure, between two palm fronds in pile reversed a Lady of Mercy grasping in her sinister hand a broken chain Argent, and charged on the chest with an escutcheon per fess, 1 Gules, a cross patty Argent, and 2 Or, four pallets Gules.

This is the coat of arms of Sister Esperanza Vega Lanzagorta, designed by Juan Lanzagorta Vallin and painted by me in 5 steps. In the 1^st row is the selected version of her coat of arms, and in the 2^nd row is an alternative version; both are based on the same structure and concepts. The blazon for the alternative version is as follows, note that the only change is the arrangement of the two palm fronds, from pile reversed to pile: «Azure, between two palm fronds in pile a Lady of Mercy grasping in her sinister hand a broken chain Argent, and charged on the chest with an escutcheon per fess, 1 Gules, a cross patty Argent, and 2 Or, four pallets Gules».

Credits: Juan Lanzagorta Vallin is the designer of the coat of arms.

Blazon keywords: Azure, Argent, Gules, Or, One, Two, Our Lady of Mercy, Grasping, Sinister, Hand, Broken, Chain, Charged, Chest, Escutcheon, Party per fess, Cross patty, Cross couped, Between, Palm frond, In pile reversed and In pile.

Style keywords: Ratio, Outlined, Outlined in sable, Plain tincture, Illuminated and Semi-circular.

Classification: Personal, Created, Schema, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Vega Lanzagorta, Sister Esperanza.

Argent, four leaves of Silver Leaved Whitebeam (Sorbus Aria Lutescens) in saltire, stems interlaced Vert, on a chief Gules, three crosses of Saint Brigid Argent. Motto: «Family is Everything» Sable, with initial letters Gules, over a scroll Argent.

Blazon keywords: Argent, Four, Leaf, In saltire, Stem, Interlaced, Vert, Chief, Gules, Three, Cross of Saint Brigid, Cross couped, Motto and Scroll.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Rounded, Illuminated and Leather.

Classification: Personal, Interpreted, Coat of arms and English language.

Bearer: Kane, Kathleen.

Party per fess, 1 Gules, a stag rampant, issuant from base proper, in the dexter chief a Maltese cross Argent; 2 Azure, a mullet of seven points Argent.

Escudo cortado: 1^o de Gules, un ciervo rampante, moviente de la punta al natural, en la diestra del jefe, una cruz de Malta de plata; 2^o de azur, una estrella de siete puntas de plata.

Coat of arms painted by me, illuminated with lights and shadows, outlined in Sable, with a pointed external shape and with a freehand finish.

G0131, augmentation of G0042, Chief Herald of Arms of Malta's grant of the coat of arms of Jay Geoffrey De Graaf, Australia. The augmentation consists of the addition of a Maltese cross Argent in the dexter chief. This coat of arms has been emblazoned by me.

Blazon keywords: Gules, Azure, Argent, One, Party per fess, Stag, Rampant, Issuant from base, Proper, In the dexter chief, Eight-pointed cross, Cross couped and Mullet.

Style keywords: Outlined in sable, Illuminated, Pointed and Freehand.

Classification: Personal, Interpreted, Boa and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Graaf, Jay Geoffrey De.

Registered by The International Register of Arms, 6^th of June of 2020, Registration number 0559, Volume 4.

Categories: Armorial roll, Azure, Chevron, Between, In chief, Cross of Jerusalem, Cross couped, Cross potent, Cantoned, Crosslet, Lion, Rampant, In base, Celtic Trinity knot, Knot, Celtic, Trinity and Scroll.

External link:

• Nilda Ernestina Lucca de Anaya at The Armorial Register.

Root: The Armorial Register.

My heraldic channel at WhatsApp is whatsapp.com/channel/0029VbAV5sk3LdQbvWgP4p43 or blason.es/whatsapp.

Categories: Technology, Social networks, Lion, Rampant, Armed, Langued, Label, Behind the shield, Eight-pointed cross and Cross couped.

Heraldic document, 2 pages.

The pages have a heraldic frame with the elements of his coat of arms.

The motto, which is the beginning of the Gospel of Saint John, can be seen in [Cnut Gospels; 1020; folio 111].

Blazon keywords: Quarterly, Sable, Or, One, Letter, Two, Wolf, Passant, In pale, Number, Gules, Argent, Azure, Crest and mantling, Helm, Mantling, Wreath, Crest, On, Charged, Disordered, Cross, Cross of Burgundy, Cross couped, Book, Open, Motto, Scroll and Fimbriated.

Classification: Created, Personal, Catalogue, Heraldic document and Frame.

Bearer: Salmerón Cabañas, Antonio.

In 1523, the Order of Santiago, the Order of Calatrava, and the Order of Alcantara were definitively incorporated into the Crown of Castile, which marked the consolidation of the Royal Council of the Orders of Chivalry of Santiago, Calatrava, Alcantara, and Montesa. However, it is known that this Royal Council already existed at the beginning of the same 16^th century, or even earlier, although there are no foundational documents available to date its inception.

The internet address of its website is ordenesmilitares.es where it also hosts the pages dedicated to each of its four orders:

• Order of Chivalry of Santiago: ordenesmilitares.es/orden-de-santiago.
• Order of Chivalry of Calatrava: ordenesmilitares.es/orden-de-calatrava.
• Order of Chivalry of Alcantara: ordenesmilitares.es/orden-de-alcantara.
• Order of Saint Mary of Montesa and Saint George of Alfama: ordenesmilitares.es/orden-de-montesa.

After the Crusades ended and following the model of the military orders created in the Holy Land, European kings established Orders of Chivalry, many of which were military and religious institutions, like the four grouped under this Royal Council.

Categories: Institution, Interpreted, Socioeconomic, Illuminated, Outlined in sable, Freehand, Emblem, Cross, Quarterly per saltire, Cross of Saint James, Cross couped, Cross of Calatrava, Cross of Alcantara and Cross of Montesa.

The Order of Chivalry of Santiago is both military and religious. It was founded in the Kingdom of León during the 12th century, although there is a difference of opinion regarding its exact year of foundation. It is named after the patron saint of Spain, James the Greater.

The purpose of its foundation was the protection of the Way of Saint James and the pilgrims who traveled it, and to participate militarily in the advancement of the reconquest of the Iberian Peninsula.

Of the Military Order of Santiago of the Sword, of its origin, and antiquity, as well as the form of its Commandery

[Avilés, J.; 1780b; treatise IV, chapter II, page 325] writes «The oldest authentic instrument that is found regarding the origin of the Order of Chivalry of Santiago of the Sword», observe how José de Avilés e Iturbide refers to the order in the masculine form, «is the donation made in the years of 848», note how the Marquess of Avilés does not doubt the antiquity of this order and even in other subsequent paragraphs, he dates it even earlier than currently believed, «made to the Church of Santiago by the King of León Don Ramiro in memory of the famous victory he achieved against the Moors in the battle of Clavijo (two leagues from Logroño), as evidenced by its Privilege, for having seen this Holy Apostle armed and mounted on a Horse, fighting in defense of the Christians; to whose devotion, and in this recognition, the said Order was instituted, taking from it its origin and name, as well as the same Cross that the Saint bore on his chest, and Shield, represented in the form of a Sword, of red color», gules ~ red, «for the blood shed of the Infidels, of whom Don Rodrigo Ximenez, Archbishop of Toledo, in his Chronicle Book VII says»: «Kubet ensis sanguine Arabum».

Drawing with a single stroke

Cross of Saint James the Greater drawing by me with a single stroke. This is the reason why it is asymmetrical, it has the base tip crooked, there are some sides higher than others, and it shows the failure of my pulse in a certains turns.

It is by far my most downloaded and copied painting, the most used on websites, citing me or not, the most used in hotels advertising, parish sheets... and even on T-shirts.

Categories: Institution, Interpreted, Religious, Military, Illuminated, Outlined in sable, Freehand, Emblem, Cross of Saint James, Cross couped and Cross.

The Order of Chivalry of Calatrava is both military and religious, founded in the Kingdom of Castile during the 12th century by Abbot Raymond of Fitero.

The purpose of its foundation was the protection of the town of Calatrava la Vieja, which currently belongs to the municipality of Carrión de Calatrava in Ciudad Real. At the time of the order's foundation, it was an important city, in the middle valley of the river Guadiana and with a strategic position, as it was a necessary passage on the road from Toledo to Córdoba to Toledo and between the west and east of the Iberian Peninsula.

On the origin and antiquity of the Military Order of Calatrava, and the form of its Commandery

[Avilés, J.; 1780b; treatise IV, chapter IV, pages 334] writes «The Military Order of Calatrava was instituted by Don Sancho III, King of Castile (called the Desired), in the year 1158, while he was visiting his Kingdom; and being in Toledo with news of the great army that the Moors were gathering to besiege Calatrava la Vieja (which is called so today to distinguish it from the new one, which was founded later); and as the Templars, to whom this Fortress belonged, did not have sufficient power to resist such a large multitude, they handed it over to King Don Sancho himself so that he could take charge of it, as he did».

[Avilés, J.; 1780b; treatise IV, chapter IV, page 335] continues by telling us «The Abbot of Santa María de Fitero», near the river Pisuerga as he will indicate next, «of the Congregation of Cistercian, in the Bishopric of Palencia (which is a Monastery of St. Bernard, located on the river Pisuerga), named Don Raymond, and Friar Diego Velazquez, his subject Monk, who followed the Court, despite the difficulty of the enterprise, requested it from the King to defend it, which was granted, trusting in the virtue of the Abbot, and the strength of the Monk, who had previously been a great Knight in deeds of Arms, and very practiced in war».

[Avilés, J.; 1780b; treatise IV, chapter IV, page 336] continues «Seeing themselves in such an obligation, and that by themselves they could not fulfill it, they turned to Archbishop Don Juan (who was the fourth of Toledo) for help; and he, granting many indulgences in all his Archbishopric to those who, for themselves and for others, supplied the Place with provisions, in the same way as those who, unable to go due to old age or illness, helped with weapons, horses, and men; and having spread this news, so much help came to them, that when the Moors learned that the number of people exceeded twenty thousand men, they abandoned the conquest, returning to their homes: for this reason, the King ceded the Town of Calatrava to the Abbot of Fitero, and his successors, to defend it from the Moors from then on, confirmed later by King Alfonso IX, his son».

[Avilés, J.; 1780b; treatise IV, chapter IV, page 337] concludes «Having obtained this grace, Abbot Don Raymond brought the most suitable Monks from Fitero to Calatrava, and everything else that was necessary for living and for the defense of the Town and its land, which with the people inclined to war who remained, formed the Order of Chivalry of Calatrava, taking this name from the place where the institution was made, which in Arabic Calatrava means Castle».

Categories: Institution, Interpreted, Religious, Military, Illuminated, Outlined in sable, Freehand, Emblem, Cross of Calatrava, Cross couped and Cross.

Coat of arms of the municipality of Jamilena, province of Jaén.

Or, a cross of Calatrava.

Escudo de oro, una cruz de Calatrava.

Coat of arms interpreted as follows: the shield's shape is a semicircular arch; the field is illuminated in metal Or; the cross of Calatrava is outlined in Sable and illuminated in Gules; and the entire piece has a rough line finish.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Or, Cross of Calatrava, Cross couped and Cross.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Freehand.

Classification: Interpreted, Civic and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Jamilena.

Order of Cavalry of Alcantara

A cross of Alcantara.

Una cruz de Alcántara.

Interpretation of the emblem of the order with: its cross outlined in Sable, illuminated in Vert; and a heavily beaten metal finish.

The Royal Council of the Orders of Chivalry of Santiago, Calatrava, Alcantara, and Montesa, in its historical account of the foundation of the Order of Alcantara, states that, according to Alonso de Torres y Tapia, Prior of Alcantara and a 17^th-century chronicler, it was founded in 1156, by Don Suero Fernández Barrientos along with other knights from Salamanca, in Pereiro near the River Coa, under the name of the Order of Saint Julian of Pereiro and during the reign of Ferdinand II of León.

Emblem

Regarding the emblem of the Order of Cavalry of Alcantara, [Avilés, J.; 1780b; treatise IV, chapter V, page 340, figure 102], reusing the same figure 102 as for the Order of Calatrava, says «In the past, the Order of Alcantara displayed on its Standard the Gules Straps of Calatrava», remember that due to the commandery of the city of Alcantara, they had to assume some dependency on that of Calatrava, «next to a Pear tree in Vert on a field of Or, which was the insignia of the Order of Pereiro, due to the conformity with which these two Orders lived; but upon changing their Habit, the Pope» Eugene IV «granted them the green Cross», Vert, «in the manner they wear it today, differing from that of Calatrava only in color».

Blazon keywords: Cross of Alcantara, Cross couped and Cross.

Style keywords: Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Soft metal.

Classification: Interpreted, Religious, Military and Emblem.

Bearer: Alcantara, Order of.

Disperse like the sun clears the clouds in your path.

Argent, a cross of Alcantara. Crest: A closed royal crown Or, with eight arches, visible five. Motto: «Hoec nubila tollunt obstantia sicut sol».

Escudo de plata, una cruz de Alcántara. Timbrado de una corona real cerrada. Lema: «Hoec nubila tollunt obstantia sicut sol».

Coat of arms interpreted in the following manner: the shape of the shield is of a semicircular arch; the field is illuminated in metal Argent; the cross of Alcantara is outlined in Sable and illuminated in Vert; the royal crown is closed, outlined in Sable and illuminated with the metal Or, Argent for the pearls, Azure and Or for the orb, Gules and Vert for the gems, Gules for the inner cloth, and Sable for the visible hollow at its base; and the whole has a slightly hammered metal finish.

Regiment's Motto

The Latin motto «Hoec nubila tollunt obstantia sicut sol» is often translated as «Ride like the sun, disperses the clouds in its path». I would like to offer the following observations on this translation:

• Instead of «disperse», I prefer the verb «scatter» which is more aligned with a cavalry regiment, [Royal Spanish Academy; 2001] «scatter, 3^rd meaning, transitive verb, military term: To break up, rout the enemy, causing them to flee and scatter in complete disorder».
• On the other hand, even though it is about cavalry, I do not find that the Latin motto makes reference to riding, a verb that is also not needed to understand the motto's meaning, and adding an extra word lengthens the motto, reducing its impact.
• Finally, I use «your», instead of «its», so that the motto is a direct and personal rallying cry and not a phrase directed at a third person.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Argent, Cross of Alcantara, Cross couped, Cross, Crest, Closed royal crown, Crown and Motto.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Soft metal.

Classification: Interpreted, Military, Army and Navy and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Alcantara, Cavalry Regiment.

The Order of Saint Mary of Montesa and Saint George of Alfama, known as the Order of Montesa, was founded in the 14^th century by the King of Aragon, James, as a military and religious order, to which he donated a castle in Valencia from which they took their name.

To endow the new Order of Montesa, the assets of the Order of the Templars, dissolved by Pope Clement V, were used. This is recounted by [Avilés, J.; 1780b; page 342] writing that Montesa was created «from the incomes and ruin of the Templars; as their Order was being extinguished, at the request of the Kings, so that said incomes would not leave the Kingdom.».

The order established within the Castle of Montesa, which previously belonged to the Templars, their convent and church of the Order, the palace of their Master, their barracks for fighting men, being able to form up to a couple of thousand of them in their parade ground. Their first Master, for 70 days since he died just over two months after his appointment, was Guillermo de Eril.

The origin and antiquity of the Military Order of Montesa, and the form of its Encomienda.

[Avilés, J.; 1780b; treatise IV, chapter VI, page 341] describes it as follows «The Military Order of Montesa was instituted in the year 1317 by the King of Aragon, Don Jaime II, and confirmed in the same year by Pope John XXII.».

Categories: Institution, Interpreted, Religious, Military, Illuminated, Outlined in sable, Freehand, Emblem, Cross of Montesa, Cross couped and Cross.

Coat of arms of the Armored Cavalry Regiment Montesa No. 3, RCAC-3, in 2016.

Or, a cross of Montesa.

Escudo de oro, una cruz de Montesa.

Coat of arms interpreted as follows: the shape of the shield is a semi-circular arch; the field has been illuminated in metal Or; the cross of Montesa is outlined in Sable and illuminated in Gules and Sable; and the whole has a raised line finish.

Blazon keywords: Without divisions, Or, Cross of Montesa, Cross couped and Cross.

Style keywords: Semi-circular, Illuminated, Outlined in sable and Freehand.

Classification: Interpreted, Military, Army and Navy and Coat of arms.

Bearer: Montesa, Cavalry Regiment.